| Gene Symbol |
PTEN
|
| Gene Synonyms |
BZS DEC CWS1 GLM2 MHAM TEP1 MMAC1 PTEN1 10q23del PTENbeta PTENgama |
| Gene Full Name |
phosphatase and tensin homolog |
| Gene Summary |
This gene was identified as a tumor suppressor that is mutated in a large number of cancers at high frequency. The protein encoded by this gene is a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase. It contains a tensin like domain as well as a catalytic domain similar to that of the dual specificity protein tyrosine phosphatases. Unlike most of the protein tyrosine phosphatases, this protein preferentially dephosphorylates phosphoinositide substrates. It negatively regulates intracellular levels of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate in cells and functions as a tumor suppressor by negatively regulating AKT/PKB signaling pathway. The use of a non-canonical (CUG) upstream initiation site produces a longer isoform that initiates translation with a leucine, and is thought to be preferentially associated with the mitochondrial inner membrane. This longer isoform may help regulate energy metabolism in the mitochondria. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 9. Alternative splicing and the use of multiple translation start codons results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2015] |
| Alternative Names |
10q23del BZS DEC GLM2 MGC11227 MHAM MMAC1 MMAC1 phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 Mutated in multiple advanced cancers 1 Phosphatase and tensin homolog Phosphatase and tensin like protein Phosphatidylinositol 3 4 5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN Pten PTEN_HUMAN PTEN1 TEP1 |
| Molecular Weight(MW) |
47 kDa |
| Cellular Localization |
Cell projection, Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Secreted, Synapse. |