| Modification Notes |
The Lipin family of nuclear proteins contains three members: Lipin-1, Lipin-2, and Lipin-3, all of which contain a nuclear signal sequence, a highly conserved amino-terminal (NLIP) domain, and a carboxy-terminal (CLIP) domain. Lipin-1 is crucial for normal adipose tissue development and metabolism. Lipin-1 selectively activates a subset of PGC-1å target pathways, including fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation by inducing expression of the nuclear receptor PPARå. Lipin-1 also inactivates the lipogenic program and suppresses circulating lipid levels. Lipin-2 is linked to Majeed syndrome, and autosomal recessive, autoinflammatory disorder. Lipin-3 is an 851 amino acid protein that localizes to the nucleus. Lipin-3 observations are useful in studies related to adipose tissue development in the context of obesity, fatty liver dystrophy, lipodystrophy, insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. |