| Modification Notes |
The biosynthesis of fatty acids can occur in the cytoplasm, via the type I fatty acid synthase complex, or in mitochondria, via the type II malonyl-CoA-dependent system. MCAT (mitochondrial malonyl CoA:ACP acyltransferase), also known as MT, MCT (mitochondrial malonyltransferase), fabD or FASN2C, is a member of the type II malonyltransferase family of proteins. Localizing to mitochondria, MCAT is encoded by a nuclear gene and, via an N-terminal localization signal, it is subsequently imported into mitochondria. MCAT functions in lipid metabolism and may be a component of a mitochondrial fatty acid synthase complex. More specifically, MCAT catalyzes the transfer of a malonyl group from malonyl-CoA to the mitochondrial acyl carrier protein (NDUFAB1), a subunit of respiratory complex 1. This reaction is essential in the initiation of the type II fatty acid biosynthesis system. Two isoforms of MCAT exist due to alternative splicing events. |