| Modification Notes |
NF˚B, a pleiotropic transcription factor, is present in almost all cell types and is involved in many biological processes including inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NF˚B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain-containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52. This complex is controlled by various mechanisms of post-translational modification and subcellular compartmentalization as well as by interactions with other cofactors or corepressors. The NF˚B inhibitor-like protein 1 (NFKBIL1), also designated IKBL, acts as a negative regulator of NF˚B activation. Mutations in the NFKBIL1 gene have been linked to several disorders including type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis and chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy. |