| Modification Notes |
ARH3 (ADP-ribosylhydrolase 3), also known as ADPRHL2 (ADP-ribosylhydrolase like 2), is a 363 amino acid protein that localizes to mitochondria, as well as to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus, and belongs to the ADP-ribosylglycohydrolase family. Expressed ubiquitously, ARH3 uses magnesium as a cofactor to catalyze the hydrolysis of poly(ADP-ribose) that is synthesized after DNA damage. Via its catalytic activity, ARH3 generates ADP-ribose from poly(ADP-ribose) and is thought to play an important role in the maintenance of normal neuronal cell function. The gene encoding ARH3 maps to human chromosome 1, which spans 260 million base pairs, contains over 3,000 genes and comprises nearly 8% of the human genome. Chromosome 1 houses a large number of disease-associated genes, including those that are involved in familial adenomatous polyposis, Stickler syndrome, Parkinson’s disease, Gaucher disease, schizophrenia and Usher syndrome. Aberrations in chromosome 1 are found in a variety of cancers, including head and neck cancer, malignant melanoma and multiple myeloma. |