| Modification Notes |
Sulfation is an essential conjugation reaction that increases the water solubility of many compounds, thereby influencing their renal excretion and also resulting in the formation of active metabolites. SULT1B1 (Sulfotransferase family cytosolic 1B member 1), also known as Thyroid hormone sulfotransferase, is a 296 amino acid cytoplasmic protein that catalyzes the sulfur conjugation of many neurotransmitters, hormones, xenobiotic compounds and drugs. Specifically, SULT1B1 has the ability to sulfate thyroid hormones, a process that is involved in stimulating the metabolism or inactivation of thyroid hormones. The regulation of thyroid hormones has important physiological impacts, such as maintaining metabolic stability in tissues, regulating the production and activities of enzymes and determining the utilization of substrates, minerals and vitamins. SULT1B1 is highly expressed in liver, colon, spleen, small intestine and peripheral blood lymphocytes, with lower expression in thymus, lung and placenta. |