| Modification Notes |
Nitric oxide (NO) donors activate KCCs, while inhibitors of the cGMP pathway prevent NO donor activation. KCC2 expression is limited to neuronal tissues by a restrictive element similar to the neuronal-restrictive silencing factor. In neurons, KCC2 expression is correlated with an inhibitory response to GABA, while the absence of KCC2 is necessary for an unusual excitatory response to GABA. Alterations of KCC2 expression in the inferior colliculus of rat brain may be related to seizure susceptibility. KCC2a, also known as SLC12A5 (solute carrier family 12 member 5), is a 1,139 amino acid multi-pass membrane protein that belongs to the SLC12A transporter family. Detected in neuronal cells, KCC2a is brain specific and may mediate electroneutral potassium-chloride cotransport. KCC2a is inhibited by furosemide and bumetanide, and exists as a homomultimer and heteromultimer with other K-Cl cotransporters. |