| Modification Notes |
BIGM103 (BCG-induced integral membrane protein in monocyte clone 103 protein), also known as Zinc transporter ZIP8 or solute carrier family 39 member 8, is a 460 amino acid protein belonging to the ZIP transporter family. While other members of the protein family are constitutively expressed, BIGM103 is induced by inflammatory cytokines, such as TNFå. Upon induction, BIGM103 translocates to the plasma membrane and mitochondria, where it functions in the cellular import of zinc. As zinc is an essential cytoprotectant involved in the host response to inflammatory stress, BIGM103, too, functions as a cytoprotectant and plays a critical role in cell survival. Additionally, BIGM103 is thought to be the primary transporter of cadmium. BIGM103 is expressed in thymus, placenta, lung and liver, with highest levels in pancreas. Two isoforms of BIGM103 exist as a result of alternative splicing events. |