| Modification Notes |
Telomeric DNA is bound by the transcription regulator Rap1 (repressor activator protein 1, also designated Grf1). In addition to playing a role in silencing the HM mating-type loci, Rap1 is involved in the repression of genes located adjacent to the telomeres, a phenomenon known as telomere positioneffect (TPE) (1). The silent information regulator proteins Sir2 (also designated Mar1), Sir3 (also designated Mar2, Ste8 or Cmt1) and SIR4 (also designated Ste9, Asd1 or Uth2) form a complex with Rap1 (2,3). These proteins are essential for TPE silencing and HM structure. Sir1 is essential for silencing the HM mating-type loci, but it has no effect on Tpe (4). Tel1, a member of the PI 3-kinase family and a homolog of the human ataxia telangiectasia protein, is involved in controlling telomere length (5). Hdf1 (also referred to as Ku-70), a homolog of the mammalian Ku-70, also plays a role in maintaining telomere length (6). |
