| Modification Notes |
ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) are highly conserved guanine nucleotide binding proteins that enhance the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of Cholera Toxin. ARFs are important in eukaryotic vesicular trafficking pathways and play an essential role in the activation of phospholipase D (PC-PLD). ARL5 (ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 5), also known as ARFLP5 or ARL5A, is a 179 amino acid member of the ARF protein family. Unlike many ARF family members, ARL5 is thought to lack ADP-ribosylation enhancing activity. Localized to the nucleus, ARL5 has been found to interact with HP1å, indicating that it is developmentally regulated and has a possible role in nuclear dynamics and embryonic development signaling cascades. Expressed in brain, heart, lung, cartilage and kidney, but not in spleen, ARL8 is most closely related to ARL5, with which it shares 80% sequence identity. ARL8 (ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 8), also known as ARL5B, is a 179 amino acid protein that belongs to the RAS superfamily of regulatory GTPases. Human ARL8 shares 100% identity with mouse Arl8 and 71% identity with the Drosophila homolog. Two isoforms of ARL8 exist as a result of alternative splicing events. |
