| Modification Notes |
Acyl-CoA synthetases, also known as long-chain fatty-acid CoA synthases (FACL) or palmitoyl-CoA ligases, include ACSL1-6, which are all single-pass membrane proteins localizing to the mitochondrion, microsome or peroxisome. ACSL proteins are important for synthesis of cellular lipids and for ∫-oxidation degradation. Specifically, ACSL proteins catalyze the activation of long-chain fatty acids to acyl-CoAs, which can be metabolized to form CO2, triacylglycerol (TAG), phospholipids (PL) and cholesteryl esters (CE). ACSL5 utilizes a wide range of saturated fatty acids with a preference for C16-C18 unsaturated fatty acids. It is highly expressed in uterus and spleen. A decrease in expression of ACSL5 is correlated with tumorigenesis, including endometrioid adenocarcinomas and colorectal carcinomas. ACSL5 is also useful as a differentiating marker in the gastrointestinal tract. |