| Modification Notes |
Lipoxygenases are a family of enzymes which dioxygenate unsaturated fatty acids, thus initiating lipoperoxidation of membranes, the synthesis of signaling molecules, as well as inducing structural and metabolic changes in the cell. The Lox enzymes in mammals include 12-LO and 15-LO, which are classified with respect to their positional specificity of the deoxygenation of their most common substrate, arachidonic acid. The 12-LO pathway is a regulator of cell survival and apoptosis and also affects the expression and localization of the Integrin åV/∫5 and actin microfilaments in rat Walker 256 carcinosarcoma cells. 15-LO acts in physiological membrane remodeling and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. Related to the LOX enzymes, LOXHD1 (lipoxygenase homology domain-containing protein 1) is a 1947 amino acid protein that contains 14 PLAT domains. There are five isoforms of LOXHD1 that are produced as a result of alternative splicing events. |