| Modification Notes |
Carbonic anhydrase IV (CA IV) is glycosylphosphotidylinositol-anchored to the outer surface of the plasma membrane where it catalyzes hydration-dehydration of CO(2)/HCO(3)(-). CA IV is present on the plasma face of microcapillaries and in the choriocapillaris of the human eye. CA IV facilitates renal acidification in the kidney and is responsible for the regulation of interstitial pH (pH(o)) transients in brain. Impairment in targetting leads to disruption of HCO3- secretion and associates with malfunction in cystic fibrosis cells. Carbonic anhydrases are zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. Carbonic anhydrases show extensive diversity in tissue distribution and in their subcellular localization. |
