| Modification Notes |
Acyl-CoA synthetases, also known as long-chain fatty-acid CoA synthases (ACSL) or Palmitoyl-CoA ligases, include ACSL1-6, which are all single-pass membrane proteins localizing to the mitochondrion, microsome or peroxisome. ACSL proteins are important for synthesis of cellular lipids and for ∫-oxidation degradation. Specifically, ACSL proteins catalyze the activation of long-chain fatty acids to acyl-CoAs, which can be metabolized to form CO2, triacylglycerol (TAG), phospholipids (PL) and cholesteryl esters (CE). ACSL3 preferentially utilizes laurate, myristate, arachidonate and eicosapentaenoate among saturated and unsaturated long chain fatty acids. ACSL3 is expressed as two isoforms in various tissues, including brain, heart, placenta, prostate, skeletal muscle, testis and thymus. ACSL4 preferentially utilizes arachidonate and is abundant in steroidogenic tissues. ACSL4 may modulate female fertility and uterine prostaglandin production. |
