| Modification Notes |
The major pathway for the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine occurs via the CDP-choline pathway (1). Choline kinase, the initial enzyme in the sequence, playss a role in cell growth proliferation (1). Hemicholinium-3 (HC-3), an inhibitor for Choline Kinase (also known as ChoK and CKI), drastically reduces entry into S phase after stimulation by growth factors (1-3). In ras-transformed cells, an increased level of phosphorylcholine (PCho) results from the consecutive activation of phospholipase D (PLD) and ChoK (3-5). ChoK and its product, PCho, have been implicated in human carcinogenesis, including the development of human breast cancer, and ChoK dysregulation is found in a variety of human tumors such as lung, colorectal, and prostate tumors (6,7). The human Choline kinase gene maps to chromosome 11q13.2 (1). |