| Modification Notes |
Pyrin-containing Apaf1-like proteins (PYPAFs) are members of thenucleotide-binding site/leucine-rich repeat (NBS/LRR) family of signal transduction proteins that function in apoptotic and inflammatory signaling pathways. PYPAF7, also known as Monarch-1, regulates activation of caspase-1 via ASC protein and promotes activation of NF-kappa-B via IKK. PYPAF7 enhances nonclassical and classical MHC class I expression at the level of the promoter, RNA, and protein expression. PYPAF7 is present in the cytoplasm of peripheral blood leukocytes, predominantly eosinophils and granulocytes, with lower levels in monocytes. The PYPAF7 gene maps to human chromosome 19q13.4. |