| Modification Notes |
PHLDA3 (pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A, member 3), also known as TIH1, is a 127 amino acid protein that contains one PH domain and is expressed in a variety of tissues, with particularly low expression in spleen and liver tissue. Sharing nearly 100% sequence homology with its mouse counterpart, PHLDA3 functions as a tumor suppressor that inhibits Akt signaling and is required for p53-dependent apoptosis. The gene encoding PHLDA3 maps to human chromosome 1, which spans 260 million base pairs, contains over 3,000 genes and comprises nearly 8% of the human genome. Chromosome 1 houses a large number of disease-associated genes, including those that are involved in familial adenomatous polyposis, Stickler syndrome, Parkinson’s disease, Gaucher disease, schizophrenia and Usher syndrome. Aberrations in chromosome 1 are found in a variety of cancers, including head and neck cancer, malignant melanoma and multiple myeloma. |