| Product Name | CXCR2 antibody |
|---|---|
| Antibody Type | Primary Antibodies |
| Product description | Mouse monoclonal [48311.211] to CXCR2Chemokines have been sub-divided into families on the basis of the relative position of their cysteine residues. The alpha and beta families, with four cysteine residues, are the largest and best characterized. In the alpha family, one amino acid separates the first two cysteine residues (CXC); in the beta family the two cysteine residues (CC) are adjacent to each other. The alpha chemokines that contain the N-terminal Glu-Leu-Arg amino acid sequence (ELR-motif) are chemotactic for neutrophils (such as IL8), while those that do not, act on lymphocytes (such as IP10 and MIG). Examples of chemokines under the beta family category are MCP1-5 and RANTES. The chemokine lymphotactin belongs to the gamma family, with only two cysteines (C), and the recently described fractalkine or neurotactin is a member of the delta family and has the first two cysteine residues separated by three amino-acids (CXXXC). Chemokines bind to specific G protein-coupled cell surface receptors on target cells. Five CXC receptors (CXCR1-5), nine CC receptors (CCR1-9) and one CXXXC receptor (CX 3 CR1) have been cloned to date. Expression of chemokine receptors can be restricted to some cell types (CXCR1 is expressed in neutrophils) while others (such as CCR2) are expressed in a wide variety of cells. Receptor expression has also been found to be constitutive (including down regulation), inducible or restricted to a cell state of activation. In addition, some chemokine receptors are also expressed in non-hematopoietic cells, such as nerve, endothelial and epithelial cells. This suggests that chemokines have other roles besides leucocyte chemotaxis. CX 3 CR1, for example, is highly expressed in adult brain. Chemokine receptors are linked to phospholipases through the Gi class of G proteins (inhibition by pertussis toxin). Receptor activation leads to a cascade of cellular events including generation of inositol triphosphate, calcium release and activation of protein kinase C. Chemokine receptors also activate small GTP-binding proteins of the Ras and Rho families, the latter being involved in cell motility events. In addition, chemokines bind to non-signaling molecules such as the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) which may act to remove chemokines from the circulation, and heparan sulfates proteoglycans which may serve to establish an ECM concentration gradient. CXCR1 (IL8RA, or type I IL8 receptor) and CXCR2 (IL8RB, or type II IL8 receptor) have been shown to share approximately 77% amino acid sequence identity. IL8 binds to both receptors with high affinity and induces rapid elevation of cytosolic Ca 2+ levels. Whereas CXCR1 is highly specific for IL8, CXCR2 has broad specificity and has been shown to bind with high-affinity to other ELR motif containing a chemokines including GRO alpha, GRO beta, GRO gamma, NAP2 and ENA78. In contrast, PF4 and IP10 (two chemokines that lack the ELR motif) have been shown to lack binding affinity for CXCR2. CXCR1 and CXCR2 are expressed by neutrophils but not B lymphocytes or T lymphocytes. |
| Immunogen | Human CXCR2 transfected NSO mouse myeloma cells. |
| Clonality | Monoclonal |
|---|---|
| Isotype | IgG2a |
| Clone Number | 48311.211 |
| Host Species | Mouse |
| Tested Applications | FACSNeut |
| FACS: Use 10μg for 10^5human blood cells. Inhib: Use at a concentration of 0.5 - 1.5 μg/ml of CXCR2 will block 50% of the bioactivity due to 1 μg/ml recombinant human GRO alpha in an assay measuring myeloperoxidase released from human granulocytes. Optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.: |
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| Species Reactivity | Human |
| Concentration | 0.5mg/ml |
| Purification | Protein G |
| Gene Synonyms | IL8RB P25025 3579 CMKAR2 IL8R2 IL8RA CXCR2 146928 CDw128b |
|---|---|
| Target | CXCR2 |
| Tissue Specificity | Human CXCR2 reacts with CXCR2 transfected cells and not with the parent cell line by flow cytometry. The antibody shows no cross-reactivity with human CXCR1. The antibody will neutralize human cell surface CXCR2 mediated myloperoxidase release from human granulocytes induced by GRO alpha. It will not block myeloperoxidase release induced by IL8. |
| Cellular Localization | Integral membrane protein. |
| Application Notes | FACS: Use 10μg for 10^5human blood cells. Inhib: Use at a concentration of 0.5 - 1.5 μg/ml of CXCR2 will block 50% of the bioactivity due to 1 μg/ml recombinant human GRO alpha in an assay measuring myeloperoxidase released from human granulocytes. Optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.: |
|---|
| Form | Liquid |
|---|---|
| Storage Instructions | S |
| Storage Buffer | 0.01M Na phosphate, 0.25M NaCl, pH7.6, 0.05% Na azide, 0.01% Thimerisol, 15mg/ml BSA |
